python中的Reportlab模块详解最新推荐
reportlab模块是用python语言生成pdf文件的模块,安装方法也简朴,这篇文章主要介绍了python中的Reportlab模块,需要的朋友可以参考下
python中的Reportlab模块
reportlab模块是用python语言生成pdf文件的模块
安装:pip install reportlab
模块默认不支持中文,假如使用中文需要注册
1.注册中文字体
下载自己需要的.ttf字体,例如STSONG.ttf
fromreportlab.pdfbaseimportpdfmetrics
fromreportlab.pdfbase.ttfontsimportTTFont
pdfmetrics.registerFont(TTFont('song', STSONG.ttf))
2.生成文字
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet from reportlab.platypus import Paragraph,SimpleDocTemplate from reportlab.lib import colors Style=getSampleStyleSheet() bt = Style['Normal'] #字体的样式 # bt.fontName='song' #使用的字体 bt.fontSize=14 #字号 bt.wordWrap = 'CJK' #该属性支持自动换行,'CJK'是中文模式换行,用于英文中会截断单词造成阅读困难,可改为'Normal' bt.firstLineIndent = 32 #该属性支持第一行开头空格 bt.leading = 20 #该属性是设置行距 ct=Style['Normal'] # ct.fontName='song' ct.fontSize=12 ct.alignment=1 #居中 ct.textColor = colors.red t = Paragraph('hello',bt) pdf=SimpleDocTemplate('ppff.pdf') pdf.multiBuild([t])
一份pdf文件可以定义多种字体样式,如bt和ct。字体有多种属性,这里只列举一些常用的属性,
其中,
wordWrap自动换行属性的参数'CJK'是按照中文方式换行(可以在字符之间换行),英文方式为'Normal'(在空格出换行)
alignment:0 左对齐
1 居中
2 右对齐
3.表格
from reportlab.platypus import Table
t = Table(data)
from reportlab.platypus import Paragraph, SimpleDocTemplate, Table,TableStyle from reportlab.lib.units import inch from reportlab.lib import colors def table_model(data): width = 7.2 # 总宽度 colWidths = (width / len(data[0])) * inch # 每列的宽度 dis_list = [] for x in data: # dis_list.append(map(lambda i: Paragraph('%s' % i, cn), x)) dis_list.append(x) style = [ # ('FONTNAME', (0, 0), (-1, -1), 'song'), # 字体 ('FONTSIZE', (0, 0), (-1, 0), 15), # 字体大小 ('BACKGROUND', (0, 0), (-1, 0), HexColor('#d5dae6')), # 设置第一行背景颜色 ('BACKGROUND', (0, 1), (-1, 1), HexColor('#d5dae6')), # 设置第二行背景颜色 # 合并 ('SPAN',(第一个方格的左上角坐标),(第二个方格的左上角坐标)),合并后的值为靠上一行的值,按照长方形合并 ('SPAN',(0,0),(0,1)), ('SPAN',(1,0),(2,0)), ('SPAN',(3,0),(4,0)), ('SPAN',(5,0),(7,0)), ('ALIGN', (0, 0), (-1, -1), 'CENTER'), # 对齐 ('VALIGN', (-1, 0), (-2, 0), 'MIDDLE'), # 对齐 ('LINEBEFORE', (0, 0), (0, -1), 0.1, colors.grey), # 设置表格左边线颜色为灰色,线宽为0.1 ('TEXTCOLOR', (0, 0), (-1, 0), colors.royalblue), # 设置表格内文字颜色 ('TEXTCOLOR', (0, -1), (-1, -1), colors.red), # 设置表格内文字颜色 ('GRID', (0, 0), (-1, -1), 0.5, colors.grey), # 设置表格框线为grey色,线宽为0.5 ] component_table = Table(dis_list, colWidths=colWidths,style=style) return component_table Style=getSampleStyleSheet() n = Style['Normal'] data = [[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7], [00,11,22,33,44,55,66,77], [000,111,222,333,444,555,666,777], [0000,1111, 2222, 3333, 4444, 5555, 6666, 7777],] z = table_model(data) pdf = MyDocTemplate('ppff.pdf') pdf.multiBuild([Paragraph('Title',n),z])
4.添加边框
from reportlab.graphics.shapes import Drawing
d = Drawing()
参数有:
d.width:边框宽度
d.heigth:边框高度
d.background:边框颜色
等等。
边框中可使用add()添加文字,图形等内容
例:
在边框中添加文字
from reportlab.graphics.shapes import Drawing, Rect from reportlab.graphics.charts.textlabels import Label def autoLegender( title=''): width = 448 height = 230 d = Drawing(width,height) lab = Label() lab.x = 220 #x和y是文字的位置坐标 lab.y = 210 lab.setText(title) # lab.fontName = 'song' #增加对中文字体的支持 lab.fontSize = 20 d.add(lab) d.background = Rect(0,0,width,height,strokeWidth=1,strokeColor="#868686",fillColor=None) #边框颜色 return d l = autoLegender('hello') pdf=SimpleDocTemplate('ppff.pdf') pdf.multiBuild([l])
# **这种方法可以给边框中的图例添加颜色说明** def autoLegender(chart, categories=[], use_colors=[], title=''): width = 448 height = 230 d = Drawing(width,height) lab = Label() lab.x = 220 #x和y是title文字的位置坐标 lab.y = 210 lab.setText(title) # lab.fontName = 'song' #增加对中文字体的支持 lab.fontSize = 20 d.add(lab) d.background = Rect(0,0,width,height,strokeWidth=1,strokeColor="#868686",fillColor=None) #边框颜色 d.add(chart) #颜色图例说明等 leg = Legend() leg.x = 500 # 说明的x轴坐标 leg.y = 0 # 说明的y轴坐标 leg.boxAnchor = 'se' # leg.strokeWidth = 4 leg.strokeColor = None leg.subCols[1].align = 'right' leg.columnMaximum = 10 # 图例说明一列最多显示的个数 # leg.fontName = 'song' leg.alignment = 'right' leg.colorNamePairs = zip(use_colors, tuple(categories)) #增加颜色说明 d.add(leg) return d
5.饼状图
饼图需要添加在边框中
from reportlab.lib import colors from reportlab.platypus import SimpleDocTemplate from reportlab.graphics.shapes import Drawing, Rect from reportlab.graphics.charts.textlabels import Label from reportlab.graphics.charts.piecharts import Pie def autoLegender( chart,title=''): width = 448 height = 230 d = Drawing(width,height) lab = Label() lab.x = 220 #x和y是文字的位置坐标 lab.y = 210 lab.setText(title) # lab.fontName = 'song' #增加对中文字体的支持 lab.fontSize = 20 d.add(lab) d.background = Rect(0,0,width,height,strokeWidth=1,strokeColor="#868686",fillColor=None) #边框颜色 d.add(chart) return d def draw_pie(data=[], labels=[], use_colors=[], width=360,): '''更多属性请查询reportlab.graphics.charts.piecharts.WedgeProperties''' pie = Pie() pie.x = 60 # x,y饼图在框中的坐标 pie.y = 20 pie.slices.label_boxStrokeColor = colors.white #标签边框的颜色 pie.data = data # 饼图上的数据 pie.labels = labels # 数据的标签 pie.simpleLabels = 0 # 0 标签在标注线的右侧;1 在线上边 pie.sameRadii = 1 # 0 饼图是椭圆;1 饼图是圆形 pie.slices.strokeColor = colors.red # 圆饼的边界颜色 pie.strokeWidth=1 # 圆饼周围空白区域的宽度 pie.strokeColor= colors.white # 整体饼图边界的颜色 pie.slices.label_pointer_piePad = 10 # 圆饼和标签的距离 pie.slices.label_pointer_edgePad = 25 # 标签和外边框的距离 pie.width = width pie.direction = 'clockwise' pie.pointerLabelMode = 'LeftRight' # for i in range(len(labels)): # pie.slices[i].fontName = 'song' #设置中文 for i, col in enumerate(use_colors): pie.slices[i].fillColor = col return pie data = [10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1] labs = ['0000000','1111111','2222222','3333333','4444444', '5555555','6666666','7777777','8888888','9999999'] color = [HexColor("#696969"),HexColor("#A9A9A9"),HexColor("#D8BFD8"), HexColor("#DCDCDC"),HexColor('#E6E6FA'),HexColor("#B0C4DE"), HexColor("#778899"),HexColor('#B0C4DE'),HexColor("#6495ED"), HexColor("#483D8B") ] z = autoLegender(draw_pie(data,labs,color),labs,color) pdf=SimpleDocTemplate('ppff.pdf') pdf.multiBuild([z])
6.柱状图
柱状图需要添加在边框中
from reportlab.graphics.charts.barcharts import VerticalBarChart from reportlab.lib.colors import HexColor def draw_bar_chart(min, max, x_list, data=[()], x_label_angle=0, bar_color=HexColor("#7BB8E7"), height=125, width=280): ''' :param min: 设置y轴的最小值 :param max: 设置y轴的最大值 :param x_list: x轴上的标签 :param data: y轴对应标签的值 :param x_label_angle: x轴上标签的倾斜角度 :param bar_color: 柱的颜色 可以是含有多种颜色的列表 :param height: 柱状图的高度 :param width: 柱状图的宽度 :return: ''' bc = VerticalBarChart() bc.x = 50 # x和y是柱状图在框中的坐标 bc.y = 50 bc.height = height # 柱状图的高度 bc.width = width # 柱状图的宽度 bc.data = data for j in xrange(len(x_list)): setattr(bc.bars[j], 'fillColor', bar_color) # bar_color若含有多种颜色在这里分配bar_color[j] # 调整step minv = min * 0.5 maxv = max * 1.5 maxAxis = int(height/10) # 向上取整 minStep = int((maxv-minv+maxAxis-1)/maxAxis) bc.valueAxis.valueMin = min * 0.5 #设置y轴的最小值 bc.valueAxis.valueMax = max * 1.5 #设置y轴的最大值 bc.valueAxis.valueStep = (max-min)/4 #设置y轴的最小度量单位 if bc.valueAxis.valueStep < minStep: bc.valueAxis.valueStep = minStep if bc.valueAxis.valueStep == 0: bc.valueAxis.valueStep = 1 bc.categoryAxis.labels.boxAnchor = 'ne' # x轴下方标签坐标的开口方向 bc.categoryAxis.labels.dx = -5 # x和y是x轴下方的标签距离x轴遥近的坐标 bc.categoryAxis.labels.dy = -5 bc.categoryAxis.labels.angle = x_label_angle # x轴上描述文字的倾斜角度 # bc.categoryAxis.labels.fontName = 'song' x_real_list = [] if len(x_list) > 10: for i in range(len(x_list)): tmp = '' if i%5 != 0 else x_list[i] x_real_list.append(tmp) else: x_real_list = x_list bc.categoryAxis.categoryNames = x_real_list return bc z = autoLegender(draw_bar_chart(100, 300, ['a', 'b', 'c'], [(100, 200, 120)])) pdf=SimpleDocTemplate('ppff.pdf') pdf.multiBuild([z])
6.累加柱状图
def draw_2bar_chart(min, max, x_list, data=[()],array=[()], x_label_angle=0,bar_color=[],height=125, width=280): ''' :param min: 设置y轴的最小值 :param max: 设置y轴的最大值 :param x_list: x轴上的标签 :param data: y轴对应标签的值 :param x_label_angle: x轴上标签的倾斜角度 :param bar_color: 柱的颜色 可以是含有多种颜色的列表 :param height: 柱状图的高度 :param width: 柱状图的宽度 :return: ''' bc = VerticalBarChart() bc.x = 50 # x和y是柱状图在框中的坐标 bc.y = 50 bc.height = height # 柱状图的高度 bc.width = width # 柱状图的宽度 bc.data = data # 图形柱上标注文字 bc.barLabels.nudge = -5 # 文字在图形柱的上下位置 bc.barLabelArray = array # 要添加的文字 bc.barLabelFormat = 'values' for j in xrange(len(data)): setattr(bc.bars[j], 'fillColor', bar_color[j]) # bar_color若含有多种颜色在这里分配bar_color[j] # 调整step # minv = min * 0.5 minv = 0 maxv = max * 1.5 maxAxis = int(height/10) # 向上取整 minStep = int((maxv-minv+maxAxis-1)/maxAxis) bc.valueAxis.valueMin =0 #设置y轴的最小值 bc.valueAxis.valueMax = max * 1.5 #设置y轴的最大值 bc.valueAxis.valueStep = (max-min)/4 #设置y轴的最小度量单位 if bc.valueAxis.valueStep < minStep: bc.valueAxis.valueStep = minStep if bc.valueAxis.valueStep == 0: bc.valueAxis.valueStep = 1 bc.categoryAxis.labels.boxAnchor = 'ne' # x轴下方标签坐标的开口方向 bc.categoryAxis.labels.dx = -5 # x和y是x轴下方的标签距离x轴遥近的坐标 bc.categoryAxis.labels.dy = -5 bc.categoryAxis.labels.angle = x_label_angle # x轴上描述文字的倾斜角度 # bc.categoryAxis.labels.fontName = 'song' bc.categoryAxis.style = 'stacked' x_real_list = [] if len(x_list) > 10: for i in range(len(x_list)): tmp = '' if i%5 != 0 else x_list[i] x_real_list.append(tmp) else: x_real_list = x_list bc.categoryAxis.categoryNames = x_real_list return bc # 制柱状图 Style=getSampleStyleSheet() n = Style['Normal'] my_color = [HexColor('#E13C3C'),HexColor('#BE0000')] z = autoLegender(draw_2bar_chart(100, 300, ['a', 'b', 'c'], [(100, 200, 120),(150, 50, 130)], bar_color=my_color, array=[['100','200','120'],['150','50','130']] ), categories=['first','last'], use_colors=my_color ) pdf = MyDocTemplate('ppff.pdf') pdf.multiBuild([Paragraph('Title',n),z])
7.添加页眉
添加页眉需要我们自定义模版
from reportlab.platypus.doctemplate import BaseDocTemplate, Frame from reportlab.lib.units import cm from reportlab.platypus import PageTemplate from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet import os def myMainPageFrame(canvas, doc): # 全局应用 "The page frame used for all PDF documents." canvas.saveState() canvas.setFont('Times-Roman', 12) pageNumber = canvas.getPageNumber() if pageNumber > 0: pic_yemei = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),'yemei01.jpg') # 页眉图片 pic_line_file = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),'line.jpg') # 页眉线 canvas.drawImage(pic_yemei, 75, 795, width=100,height=25) canvas.drawImage(pic_line_file, 75, 780, width=450, height=15) canvas.drawString(10*cm, cm, str(pageNumber)) canvas.restoreState() class MyDocTemplate(BaseDocTemplate): # 自定义模版类 "The document template used for all PDF documents." _invalidInitArgs = ('pageTemplates',) def __init__(self, filename, **kw): frame1 = Frame(2.5*cm, 2.5*cm, 15*cm, 25*cm, id='F1') self.allowSplitting = 0 BaseDocTemplate.__init__(self, filename, **kw) template = PageTemplate('normal', [frame1], myMainPageFrame) self.addPageTemplates(template) # 绑定全局应用 Style=getSampleStyleSheet() n = Style['Normal'] z = autoLegender(draw_bar_chart(100, 300, ['a', 'b', 'c'], [(100, 200, 120)])) pdf = MyDocTemplate('ppff.pdf') pdf.multiBuild([Paragraph('Title',n),z])
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